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Spring AOP使用整理:常用的Advice接口类

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一、基础接口和类

     1、Person接口的源码

public interface Person {
	public void info();
	public void show(String message);
}

 

     2、PersonImpl类的源码

public class PersonImpl implements Person {
	private String name;
	private int age;
	
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}

	public void info() {
		System.out.println("\t我叫" + name + ",今年" + age + "岁。");
	}

	public void show(String message) {
		System.out.println(message);
	}
}

 

    3、bean的配置

<!-- 目标对象 -->
<bean id="personTarget" class="com.cjm.aop.PersonImpl">
	<property name="name" value="Raymond.chen"/>
	<property name="age" value="30"/>
</bean>

 

二、Spring AOP支持的通知类型

     一)环绕通知(Around advice)

          实现环绕通知需要实现org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInterceptor接口。

               1、PersonAroundAdvice类的源码

public class PersonAroundAdvice implements MethodInterceptor {
	public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
		System.out.println("AroundAdvice:方法调用前");
		
		//不要忘记调用invocation的proceed方法哦
		Object result = invocation.proceed(); 
		
		System.out.println("AroundAdvice:方法调用后");
		return result;
	}
}

 

               2、bean配置

<bean id="personAroundAdvice" class="com.cjm.aop.PersonAroundAdvice"/>

<!-- 代理工厂bean -->
<bean id="person" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
	<property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.cjm.aop.Person"/>
	<property name="target" ref="personTarget"/>
	<property name="interceptorNames">
		<list>
			<value>personAroundAdvice</value>
		</list>
	</property>
</bean>

 

               3、测试代码

ApplicationContext context = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("classpath:com/cjm/aop/beans.xml");
Person p = (Person)context.getBean("person");  //注意这里是代理工厂Bean的ID
p.info();

 

     二)前置通知(Before advice)

          实现前置通知需要实现org.springframework.aop.MethodBeforeAdvice接口。

               1、PersonBeforeAdvice类的源码

public class PersonBeforeAdvice implements MethodBeforeAdvice {
	public void before(Method method, Object[] args, Object target) throws Throwable {
		System.out.println("BeforeAdvice:方法调用前");
	}
}

 

               2、bean配置

<bean id="personBeforeAdvice" class="com.cjm.aop.PersonBeforeAdvice"/>

<bean id="person" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
	<property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.cjm.aop.Person"/>
	<property name="target" ref="personTarget"/>
	<property name="interceptorNames">
		<list>
			<value>personBeforeAdvice</value>
		</list>
	</property>
</bean>

 

     三)返回后通知(After Returning advice)

          实现返回后通知需要实现org.springframework.aop.AfterReturningAdvice接口。

               1、PersonAfterReturningAdvice类的源码

public class PersonAfterReturningAdvice implements AfterReturningAdvice {
	public void afterReturning(Object returnValue, Method method, Object[] args, Object target) throws Throwable {
		System.out.println("AfterReturningAdvice:方法调用后");
	}
}

 

               2、bean配置

<bean id="personAfterReturningAdvice" class="com.cjm.aop.PersonAfterReturningAdvice"/>

<bean id="person" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
	<property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.cjm.aop.Person"/>
	<property name="target" ref="personTarget"/>
	<property name="interceptorNames">
		<list>
			<value>personAfterReturningAdvice</value>
		</list>
	</property>
</bean>

 

               3、以上的配置中,通知对目标对象的所有方法都会起作用。如果需要过滤掉一部分方法,可以用正则表达式切入点配置器或者方法名匹配切入点配置器实现。

<!-- 通知与正则表达式切入点一起配置 -->
<!-- Advisor等于切入点加通知 -->
<!-- 方法名匹配切入点配置器:org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvisor -->
<bean id="personPointcutAdvisor" class="org.springframework.aop.support.RegexpMethodPointcutAdvisor">
	<property name="advice" ref="personAfterReturningAdvice"/>
	<property name="patterns">
		<list>
			<value>.*info.*</value>
		</list>
	</property>
</bean>

<bean id="person" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
	<property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.cjm.aop.Person"/>
	<property name="target" ref="personTarget"/>
	<property name="interceptorNames">
		<list>
			<value>personPointcutAdvisor</value>
		</list>
	</property>
</bean>

 

     四)异常通知(Throws advice)

          当连接点抛出异常时,异常通知被调用。实现异常通知需要实现org.springframework.aop.ThrowsAdvice接口,该接口不包含任何方法,但在实现该接口时必须实现如下形式的方法:
                 afterThrowing([Method], [args], [target], Throwable subclass)
          可以实现一个或多个这样的方法。在这些方法中,只有第四个参数是必需的,前三个参数可选。

 

          1、PersonThrowsAdvice类的源码

public class PersonThrowsAdvice implements ThrowsAdvice {
	public void afterThrowing(FileNotFoundException ex){
		System.out.println("ThrowsAdvice >> FileNotFoundException:" + ex.toString());
	}

	public void afterThrowing(Object[] args, Exception ex){
		System.out.println("ThrowsAdvice >> Exception:" + ex.getMessage());
	}

	public void afterThrowing(Method method, Object[] args, Object target, Throwable ex){
		System.out.println("ThrowsAdvice >> Throwable:" + ex.getMessage());
	}
}

 

          2、bean配置

<bean id="personThrowsAdvice" class="com.cjm.aop.PersonThrowsAdvice"/>

<bean id="person" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
	<property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.cjm.aop.Person"/>
	<property name="target" ref="personTarget"/>
	<property name="interceptorNames">
		<list>
			<value>personThrowsAdvice</value>
		</list>
	</property>
</bean>

 

     五)引入通知(Introduction advice)

           引入通知是一种特殊的通知,它能将新的成员变量、成员方法引入到目标类中。它不能作用于任何切入点,因为它只作用于类层次,而不是方法层次。实现引入通知需要实现IntroductionAdvisor和IntroductionInterceptor接口。

           引入通知不能调用proceed方法。Advisor必须针对每个实例,并且是有状态的。

           引入通知的效果类似于设计模式中的访问者模式(Visitor Pattern)。

 

//类的继承关系
DelegatingIntroductionInterceptor
	IntroductionInfoSupport
		IntroductionInfo
	IntroductionInterceptor
		MethodInterceptor
			Interceptor
				Advice
		DynamicIntroductionAdvice
			Advice

DefaultIntroductionAdvisor
	IntroductionAdvisor
		Advisor
		IntroductionInfo
	ClassFilter
	Ordered

 

 

 

           1、Lockable接口的源码

public interface Lockable {
	void lock();
	void unlock();
	boolean locked();
}

 

           2、LockableImpl类的源码

public class LockableImpl extends DelegatingIntroductionInterceptor implements Lockable {
	private boolean locked;
	
	public void lock() {
		this.locked = true;
	}

	public void unlock() {
		this.locked = false;
	}

	public boolean locked() {
		return this.locked;
	}

	@Override
	public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
		if(this.locked){
			throw new RuntimeException("加锁,无法执行");
		}
		
		//这里不能调用invocation的proceed方法
		//通常不需要改写invoke方法,直接调用父类的该方法即可
		return super.invoke(invocation);
	}
}

 

           3、PersonIntroductionAdvice类的源码

public class PersonIntroductionAdvice extends DefaultIntroductionAdvisor {
	public PersonIntroductionAdvice(){
		super(new LockableImpl(), Lockable.class);
	}
}

 

           4、bean配置

<!-- Advice必须针对每个实例,所以scope要设为prototype -->
<bean id="personIntroductionAdvice" class="com.cjm.aop.introduction.PersonIntroductionAdvice" scope="prototype"/>

<bean id="person" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
	<property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.cjm.aop.Person"/>
	<property name="target" ref="personTarget"/>
	<property name="interceptorNames">
		<list>
			<value>personIntroductionAdvice</value>
		</list>
	</property>
</bean>

 

           5、测试代码

ApplicationContext context = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("classpath:com/cjm/aop/beans.xml");

//获得目标bean的代理bean
Person p = (Person)context.getBean("person");

//执行代理bean的方法,此时并未调用lock方法,可以执行
p.info();

Lockable lockable = (Lockable)p;
lockable.lock();

//目标bean已被锁定,此处将抛出异常
p.info();

 

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评论
4 楼 nieweichao 2016-05-09  
   
3 楼 hanmiao 2015-02-09  
Around advice 需要实现 MethodINterceptor 接口;
Before advice 需要实现 MethodBeforeAdvice 接口;
After advice 需要实现 AfterReturningAdvice 接口;
每个代理都要有 proxyInterfaces、target、interceptorNames 三个属性,分别对应被代理的接口,被代理的对象和代理实现类;
Pointcut advisor 则是在前三个 advice 的基础上再封装了壹层,添加了正则表达式解析的属性 patterns,用于匹配方法名称;
2 楼 wangbaosong09 2012-06-15  
wangbaosong09 写道
效果类似于设计模式中的访问者模式(Visitor Pattern)。

1 楼 wangbaosong09 2012-06-15  
效果类似于设计模式中的访问者模式(Visitor Pattern)。

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